RESUMO
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Determining the predictive variables associated with levels of alcohol craving can ease the identification of patients who can benefit from treatments. This study aimed to describe changes (improvement or no change/deterioration) in alcohol craving levels and explore the predictors of these changes from admission to discharge in outpatients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) undergoing treatment-as-usual (TAU), or treatment-as-usual supplemented with virtual reality cue-exposure therapy (TAU + VR-CET). METHOD: A prospective cohort study was conducted amongst 42 outpatients with AUD (n = 15 TAU + VR-CET and n = 27 TAU) from a clinical setting. Changes in the levels of alcohol craving between admission and discharge were assessed with the Multidimensional Alcohol Craving Scale. Sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, education, and socioeconomic and civil status), cognitive-affective behavioral patterns (AUD severity, abstinence duration, psychiatric comorbidity, state anxiety, attentional bias, and substance use), and type of treatment (TAU + VR-CET and only TAU) were also evaluated. RESULTS: The TAU + VR-CET group showed greater changes of improvement in the levels of alcohol craving than the TAU group (χ2 = 10.996; p = 0.001). Intragroup changes in alcohol craving from pre to post-treatment were significant in the TAU + VR-CET group (χ2 = 13.818; p = 0.003) but not within the TAU group (χ2 = 2.349; p = 0.503). The odds of an improvement in any of the craving levels between pre- and post-test was 18.18 (1/0.055) times higher in the TAU + VR-CET group with respect to the TAU group. The use of illicit drugs in the month prior to the test increased the odds of having a positive change by 18.18 (1/0.055) with respect to not having consumed. CONCLUSIONS: Including VR-CET in TAU programs may provide benefits in the treatment of AUDs mainly among patients with intense alcohol craving and individuals having used illicit substances prior to treatment.
RESUMO
El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo la descripción del programa terapéutico "La Klave de Re©: Psicoeducación y terapia cognitiva para la esquizofrenia". Este programa, se dise- ñó inicialmente como un programa psicoeducativo y terapia cognitiva para el tratamiento grupal de personas afectadas de trastornos de esquizofrenia y sus familias. Recientemente, se ha revisado y adaptado para el abordaje psicoterapéutico de otros trastornos mentales graves, (depresión y trastorno bipolar). Se trata de un programa manualizado, de 22 sesiones que incluye las terapias psicológicas de mayor evidencia empírica, y tiene por objetivo fundamental el aumento del insight, la adherencia terapéutica y la prevención de recaídas y reingresos hospitalarios
The aim of this work is the description of the therapeutic program The Key of Re ©: Psychoeducation and cognitive therapy for schizophrenia. This program was initially designed as a psychoeducational program and group cognitive therapy for treatment of persons suffering from schizophrenia disorders and their families. Recently, it has been revised and adapted to the psychotherapeutic approach of other severe mental disorders (depression and bipolar disorder). It is a manualized program of 22 sessions including psychological therapies with empirical evidence, and has fundamental objective increased insight and adherence and prevention of relapse and rehospitalizations
Assuntos
Humanos , Esquizofrenia/reabilitação , Psicologia do Esquizofrênico , Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental/métodos , Controle Comportamental/psicologia , Transtorno Bipolar/terapia , Cooperação do Paciente/psicologia , Readmissão do Paciente/tendências , Resultado do Tratamento , Psicoterapia de Grupo , Epigênese Genética , Estresse Psicológico/terapiaRESUMO
El objetivo del presente trabajo es, por una parte describir la cartera de servicios realizada por el equipo de psicología de un servicio de salud mental, en base a conceptos de evidencia empírica y por otra parte, presentar algunos resultados del impacto a nivel asistencial del trabajo de equipo realizado
The aim of this paper is to describe a Psychology services portfolio in a mental health service, based on empirical evidence and on the other hand, present some results of the impact in the assistance level of the team work made
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Determinação de Necessidades de Cuidados de Saúde/normas , Determinação de Necessidades de Cuidados de Saúde , Serviços de Saúde Mental/organização & administração , Serviços de Saúde Mental/normas , Serviços de Saúde Mental , Psicologia Clínica/métodos , /métodos , /normas , Bioética/tendências , Resultado do Tratamento , Psicoterapia/métodos , Psicoterapia/tendências , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/tendências , Psicologia Experimental/instrumentação , Psicologia Experimental/métodosRESUMO
Si bien parece obvio, por los estudios previos, y por propia intuición que los equipos motivados obtienen una excelencia en su eficacia laboral, existen pocos estudios que reporten resultados concretos sobre todo en el campo de la salud. Específicamente, en el campo de la salud mental, no existen apenas experiencias en cómo una gestión eficiente del equipo se traduce en una mejora de la satisfacción y eficacia de los profesionales. Este trabajo tiene dos objetivos principales, por una parte describir la metodología realizada en la dirección del equipo de trabajo, y por otra aportar algunos resultados sobre la eficiencia conseguida
While it seems obvious from previous studies, and intuition that motivated teams get an excellence in their work, there are few studies that reports specific results in health work. Specifically, in the area of mental health, there is hardly any experience in how efficient management team results in improved satisfaction and professional effectiveness. This paper has two main objectives, first describe the methodology employed in the direction of the team, and on the other provide some results on the efficiency achieved
